Observational study of quasi-monochromatic gravity waves characteristics in mesopause region with sodium fluorescence Doppler lidar

Wang Bo; Hu Xiong; Yan Zhaoai; Xiao Cunying; Guo Shangyong; Cheng Yongqiang; Guo Wenjie

doi:10.3788/IRLA201746.0506002

Volume 46 Issue 5

Jun. 2017

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Article Navigation > Infrared and Laser Engineering > 2017 > 46(5): 506002-0506002(8)

Wang Bo, Hu Xiong, Yan Zhaoai, Xiao Cunying, Guo Shangyong, Cheng Yongqiang, Guo Wenjie. Observational study of quasi-monochromatic gravity waves characteristics in mesopause region with sodium fluorescence Doppler lidar[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2017, 46(5): 506002-0506002(8). doi: 10.3788/IRLA201746.0506002

Citation:

Wang Bo, Hu Xiong, Yan Zhaoai, Xiao Cunying, Guo Shangyong, Cheng Yongqiang, Guo Wenjie. Observational study of quasi-monochromatic gravity waves characteristics in mesopause region with sodium fluorescence Doppler lidar[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2017, 46(5): 506002-0506002(8). doi: 10.3788/IRLA201746.0506002

Observational study of quasi-monochromatic gravity waves characteristics in mesopause region with sodium fluorescence Doppler lidar

doi: 10.3788/IRLA201746.0506002

1.
National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;
2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China

Received Date: 2016-04-23
Rev Recd Date: 2016-05-18
Publish Date: 2017-05-25

Abstract

The quasi-monochromatic gravity waves （QM GWs)parameters in the mesopause region over Langfang (39.4N, 116.6E) were studied based on the 60 h sodium fluorescence Doppler lidar data during 2011-2013 year. A total of 85 QM GWs were extracted from the simultaneously measured temperature and wind profiles between 85 km and 95 km using hodograph method. The result shows that vertical wavelengths (horizontal wavelengths) and observed periods are mainly distributed from 6 km to 9 km (200 km to 800 km) and 2 h to 7 h, with the mean values 6.6 km (727.8 km) and 7.4 h respectively. GWs propagating upward in the vertical direction are with an occurrence of 75.29%. The intrinsic periods are mainly distributed from 3 h to 9 h with a mean value 7.76 h. There is no dominant horizontal propagation direction. The probability of the horizontal background wind component along the horizontal propagate direction Up0 is about 50% for upward GWs, but for downward GWs the probability of Up0 is about 66.66%, which is about 2 times of the probability of Up0 (33.33%)，which suggests that the observed downward GWs are mainly propagating horizontally along the wind.
- sodium fluorescence Doppler lidar,
- mesopause,
- quasi-monochromatic inertia gravity waves,
- intrinsic period,
- propagate direction

References

[1]	Kaifler B, Lbken F J, Hffner J, et al. Lidar observations of gravity wave activity in the middle atmosphere over Davis (69S, 78E), Antarctica[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres, 2015, 120(10):4506-4521.
[2]	Schirber S, Manzini E, Krismer T, et al. The quasi-biennial oscillation in a warmer climate:sensitivity to different gravity wave parameterizations[J]. Climate Dynamics, 2015, 45(3-4):825-836.
[3]	Li T, She C Y, Liu H L, et al. Sodium lidar-observed strong inertia-gravity wave activities in the mesopause region over Fort Collins, Colorado (41N, 105W)[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres, 2007, 112(D22):104-1.
[4]	Zhang S D, Yi F, Huang C M, et al. Latitudinal and altitudinal variability of lower atmospheric inertial gravity waves revealed by US radiosonde data[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres, 2013, 118(14):7750-7764.
[5]	Kramer R, Wst S, Schmidt C, et al. Gravity wave characteristics in the middle atmosphere during the CESAR campaign at Palma de Mallorca in 2011/2012:Impact of extratropical cyclones and cold fronts[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 2015, 128(5):8-23.
[6]	Gong S, Zeng X, Xue X, et al. First time observation of sodium layer over Wuhan, China by sodium fluorescence lidar[J]. Science in China Series A:Mathematics, 1997, 40(11):1228-1232.
[7]	Yi F, Zhang S, Zeng H, et al. Lidar observations of sporadic Na layers over Wuhan (30.5N, 114.4E)[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2002, 29(9):59-1.
[8]	Dou X K, Xue X H, Chen T D, et al. A statistical study of sporadic sodium layer observed by sodium lidar at Hefei (31.8 N, 117.3 E)[J]. Annales Geophysicae, 2009, 27(6):2247-2257.
[9]	Xue X H, Dou X K, Lei J, et al. Lower thermospheric-enhanced sodium layers observed at low latitude and possible formation:Case studies[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Space Physics, 2013, 118(5):2409-2418.
[10]	She C Y, Sherman J, Yuan T, et al. The first 80-hour continuous lidar campaign for simultaneous observation of mesopause region temperature and wind[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2003, 30(6):52.
[11]	Gardner C S, Voelz D G. Lidar studies of the nighttime sodium layer over Urbana, Illinois:2. Gravity waves[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Space Physics, 1987, 92(A5):4673-4694.
[12]	Beatty T J, Hostetler C A, Gardner C S. Lidar observations of gravity waves and their spectra near the mesopause and stratopause at Arecibo[J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 1992, 49(6):477-496.
[13]	Collins R L, Hallinan T J, Smith R W, et al. Lidar observations of a large high-altitude sporadic Na layer during active aurora[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 1996, 23(24):3655-3658.
[14]	Yang G, Clemesha B, Batista P, et al. Gravity wave parameters and their seasonal variations derived from Na lidar observations at 23 S[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres, 2006, 111(D21):107-1.
[15]	Yang G, Clemesha B, Batista P, et al. Lidar study of the characteristics of gravity waves in the mesopause region at a southern low-latitude location[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 2008, 70(7):991-1011.
[16]	Ai Yong, Lu Shu, Zhang Xunjie, et al. Lidar observations of gravity wave activity and spectra in the mesopause region at Wuhan, China[J]. Science in China Series A:Mathematics, 1998, 28(9):818-822
[17]	Song Juan, Cheng Xuewu, Yang Guotao, et al. The investigation of gravity wave activities on mesopause over Wuhan by sodium lidar[J]. Chin J Sapce Sci, 2005, 25(6):522-528. (in Chinese)宋娟, 程学武, 杨国韬, 等. 武汉上空中层顶大气重力波活动的钠层荧光激光雷达观测研究[J]. 空间科学学报, 2005, 25(6):522-528.
[18]	Gong S, Yang G, Xu J, et al. Statistical characteristics of atmospheric gravity wave in the mesopause region observed with a sodium lidar at Beijing, China[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 2013, 97(5):143-151.
[19]	Gong Shaohua, Liu Zhengkuan, Guan Sai, et al. Lidar study on the parameter relations of gravity waves in themesopause region at Beijing[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2015, 44(4):1134-1140. (in Chinese)龚少华, 刘正宽, 关塞, 等. 北京上空中层顶区域重力波参数关系的激光雷达研究[J]. 红外与激光工程, 2015, 44(4):1134-1140.
[20]	Zou Xu, Yang Guotao, Wang Jihong, et al. Gravity wave parameters and their seasonal variatins derived from Na lidar observations at Hainan,China[J]. Chinese J Geophys, 2015, 58(7):2274-2282. (in Chinese)邹旭, 杨国韬, 王继红, 等. 基于激光雷达手段的海南地区重力波与其波谱的季节分布特性研究[J]. 地球物理学报, 2015, 58(7):2274-2282.
[21]	Hu X, Yan Z A, Guo S Y, et al. Sodium fluorescence Doppler lidar to measure atmospheric temperature in the mesopause region[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2011, 56(4-5):417-423.
[22]	Yan Zhaoai. Research on sodium fluorescence Doppler lidar system[D]. Beijing:Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2010. (in Chinese)闫召爱. 钠荧光多普勒激光雷达系统的研究[D]. 北京:中国科学院研究生院, 2010.
[23]	Fang Xin. Sodium temperature and wind lidar development and gravity wave momentum flux observation[D]. Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China, 2012. (in Chinese)方欣. 钠测温测风激光雷达的研制及重力波动量通量的探测[D]. 合肥:中国科学技术大学, 2012.
[24]	Li T, Fang X, Liu W, et al. Narrowband sodium lidar for the measurements of mesopause region temperature and wind[J]. Applied Optics, 2012, 51(22):5401-5411.
[25]	Yang W M. Gravity wave studies of the mesopause region using a Na wind/temperature lidar[D]. Illinois:University of Illinois,1998.
[26]	Hu X, Liu A Z, Gardner C S, et al. Characteristics of quasi-monochromatic gravity waves observed with Na lidar in the mesopause region at Starfire Optical Range, NM[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2002, 29(24):22-1-22-4.
[27]	Xu Li, Hu Xiong, Yan Zhaoai, et al. Retrieval method of atmospheric parameters for a Sodium Doppler lidar[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2009, 38(1):140-143. (in Chinese)徐丽, 胡雄, 闫召爱, 等. 钠多普勒激光雷达大气参数反演方法[J]. 红外与激光工程, 2009, 38(1):140-143.
[28]	Xu Li, Hu Xiong, Cheng Yongqiang, et al. Simulation of echo-photon counts of a Sodium Doppler lidar and retrievals of atmospheric parameters[J]. Chinese J Geophys, 2010, 53(7):1520-1528. (in Chinese)徐丽, 胡雄, 程永强, 等. 钠多普勒激光雷达回波光子数仿真及大气参数反演[J]. 地球物理学报, 2010, 53(7):1520-1528.
[29]	Zhang S D, Yi F. A statistical study of gravity waves from radiosonde observations at Wuhan (30 N, 114 E) China[J]. Annales Geophysicae, 2005, 23(3):665-673.
[30]	Allen S J, Vincent R A. Gravity wave activity in the lower atmosphere:Seasonal and latitudinal variations[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres, 1995, 100(D1):1327-1350.
[31]	Gardner C S, Taylor M J. Observational limits for lidar, radar and airglow imager measurements of gravity wave parameters[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1998, 103(D6):6427-6437.

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Observational study of quasi-monochromatic gravity waves characteristics in mesopause region with sodium fluorescence Doppler lidar

1. National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;

2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China

Received Date: 2016-04-23

Rev Recd Date: 2016-05-18

Publish Date: 2017-05-25

Key words:

sodium fluorescence Doppler lidar /
mesopause /
quasi-monochromatic inertia gravity waves /
intrinsic period /
propagate direction

Abstract: The quasi-monochromatic gravity waves （QM GWs)parameters in the mesopause region over Langfang (39.4N, 116.6E) were studied based on the 60 h sodium fluorescence Doppler lidar data during 2011-2013 year. A total of 85 QM GWs were extracted from the simultaneously measured temperature and wind profiles between 85 km and 95 km using hodograph method. The result shows that vertical wavelengths (horizontal wavelengths) and observed periods are mainly distributed from 6 km to 9 km (200 km to 800 km) and 2 h to 7 h, with the mean values 6.6 km (727.8 km) and 7.4 h respectively. GWs propagating upward in the vertical direction are with an occurrence of 75.29%. The intrinsic periods are mainly distributed from 3 h to 9 h with a mean value 7.76 h. There is no dominant horizontal propagation direction. The probability of the horizontal background wind component along the horizontal propagate direction Up0 is about 50% for upward GWs, but for downward GWs the probability of Up0 is about 66.66%, which is about 2 times of the probability of Up0 (33.33%)，which suggests that the observed downward GWs are mainly propagating horizontally along the wind.

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Reference (31)

[1]	Kaifler B, Lbken F J, Hffner J, et al. Lidar observations of gravity wave activity in the middle atmosphere over Davis (69S, 78E), Antarctica[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres, 2015, 120(10):4506-4521.
[2]	Schirber S, Manzini E, Krismer T, et al. The quasi-biennial oscillation in a warmer climate:sensitivity to different gravity wave parameterizations[J]. Climate Dynamics, 2015, 45(3-4):825-836.
[3]	Li T, She C Y, Liu H L, et al. Sodium lidar-observed strong inertia-gravity wave activities in the mesopause region over Fort Collins, Colorado (41N, 105W)[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres, 2007, 112(D22):104-1.
[4]	Zhang S D, Yi F, Huang C M, et al. Latitudinal and altitudinal variability of lower atmospheric inertial gravity waves revealed by US radiosonde data[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres, 2013, 118(14):7750-7764.
[5]	Kramer R, Wst S, Schmidt C, et al. Gravity wave characteristics in the middle atmosphere during the CESAR campaign at Palma de Mallorca in 2011/2012:Impact of extratropical cyclones and cold fronts[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 2015, 128(5):8-23.
[6]	Gong S, Zeng X, Xue X, et al. First time observation of sodium layer over Wuhan, China by sodium fluorescence lidar[J]. Science in China Series A:Mathematics, 1997, 40(11):1228-1232.
[7]	Yi F, Zhang S, Zeng H, et al. Lidar observations of sporadic Na layers over Wuhan (30.5N, 114.4E)[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2002, 29(9):59-1.
[8]	Dou X K, Xue X H, Chen T D, et al. A statistical study of sporadic sodium layer observed by sodium lidar at Hefei (31.8 N, 117.3 E)[J]. Annales Geophysicae, 2009, 27(6):2247-2257.
[9]	Xue X H, Dou X K, Lei J, et al. Lower thermospheric-enhanced sodium layers observed at low latitude and possible formation:Case studies[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Space Physics, 2013, 118(5):2409-2418.
[10]	She C Y, Sherman J, Yuan T, et al. The first 80-hour continuous lidar campaign for simultaneous observation of mesopause region temperature and wind[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2003, 30(6):52.
[11]	Gardner C S, Voelz D G. Lidar studies of the nighttime sodium layer over Urbana, Illinois:2. Gravity waves[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Space Physics, 1987, 92(A5):4673-4694.
[12]	Beatty T J, Hostetler C A, Gardner C S. Lidar observations of gravity waves and their spectra near the mesopause and stratopause at Arecibo[J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 1992, 49(6):477-496.
[13]	Collins R L, Hallinan T J, Smith R W, et al. Lidar observations of a large high-altitude sporadic Na layer during active aurora[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 1996, 23(24):3655-3658.
[14]	Yang G, Clemesha B, Batista P, et al. Gravity wave parameters and their seasonal variations derived from Na lidar observations at 23 S[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres, 2006, 111(D21):107-1.
[15]	Yang G, Clemesha B, Batista P, et al. Lidar study of the characteristics of gravity waves in the mesopause region at a southern low-latitude location[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 2008, 70(7):991-1011.
[16]	Ai Yong, Lu Shu, Zhang Xunjie, et al. Lidar observations of gravity wave activity and spectra in the mesopause region at Wuhan, China[J]. Science in China Series A:Mathematics, 1998, 28(9):818-822
[17]	Song Juan, Cheng Xuewu, Yang Guotao, et al. The investigation of gravity wave activities on mesopause over Wuhan by sodium lidar[J]. Chin J Sapce Sci, 2005, 25(6):522-528. (in Chinese)宋娟, 程学武, 杨国韬, 等. 武汉上空中层顶大气重力波活动的钠层荧光激光雷达观测研究[J]. 空间科学学报, 2005, 25(6):522-528.
[18]	Gong S, Yang G, Xu J, et al. Statistical characteristics of atmospheric gravity wave in the mesopause region observed with a sodium lidar at Beijing, China[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 2013, 97(5):143-151.
[19]	Gong Shaohua, Liu Zhengkuan, Guan Sai, et al. Lidar study on the parameter relations of gravity waves in themesopause region at Beijing[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2015, 44(4):1134-1140. (in Chinese)龚少华, 刘正宽, 关塞, 等. 北京上空中层顶区域重力波参数关系的激光雷达研究[J]. 红外与激光工程, 2015, 44(4):1134-1140.
[20]	Zou Xu, Yang Guotao, Wang Jihong, et al. Gravity wave parameters and their seasonal variatins derived from Na lidar observations at Hainan,China[J]. Chinese J Geophys, 2015, 58(7):2274-2282. (in Chinese)邹旭, 杨国韬, 王继红, 等. 基于激光雷达手段的海南地区重力波与其波谱的季节分布特性研究[J]. 地球物理学报, 2015, 58(7):2274-2282.
[21]	Hu X, Yan Z A, Guo S Y, et al. Sodium fluorescence Doppler lidar to measure atmospheric temperature in the mesopause region[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2011, 56(4-5):417-423.
[22]	Yan Zhaoai. Research on sodium fluorescence Doppler lidar system[D]. Beijing:Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2010. (in Chinese)闫召爱. 钠荧光多普勒激光雷达系统的研究[D]. 北京:中国科学院研究生院, 2010.
[23]	Fang Xin. Sodium temperature and wind lidar development and gravity wave momentum flux observation[D]. Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China, 2012. (in Chinese)方欣. 钠测温测风激光雷达的研制及重力波动量通量的探测[D]. 合肥:中国科学技术大学, 2012.
[24]	Li T, Fang X, Liu W, et al. Narrowband sodium lidar for the measurements of mesopause region temperature and wind[J]. Applied Optics, 2012, 51(22):5401-5411.
[25]	Yang W M. Gravity wave studies of the mesopause region using a Na wind/temperature lidar[D]. Illinois:University of Illinois,1998.
[26]	Hu X, Liu A Z, Gardner C S, et al. Characteristics of quasi-monochromatic gravity waves observed with Na lidar in the mesopause region at Starfire Optical Range, NM[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2002, 29(24):22-1-22-4.
[27]	Xu Li, Hu Xiong, Yan Zhaoai, et al. Retrieval method of atmospheric parameters for a Sodium Doppler lidar[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2009, 38(1):140-143. (in Chinese)徐丽, 胡雄, 闫召爱, 等. 钠多普勒激光雷达大气参数反演方法[J]. 红外与激光工程, 2009, 38(1):140-143.
[28]	Xu Li, Hu Xiong, Cheng Yongqiang, et al. Simulation of echo-photon counts of a Sodium Doppler lidar and retrievals of atmospheric parameters[J]. Chinese J Geophys, 2010, 53(7):1520-1528. (in Chinese)徐丽, 胡雄, 程永强, 等. 钠多普勒激光雷达回波光子数仿真及大气参数反演[J]. 地球物理学报, 2010, 53(7):1520-1528.
[29]	Zhang S D, Yi F. A statistical study of gravity waves from radiosonde observations at Wuhan (30 N, 114 E) China[J]. Annales Geophysicae, 2005, 23(3):665-673.
[30]	Allen S J, Vincent R A. Gravity wave activity in the lower atmosphere:Seasonal and latitudinal variations[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres, 1995, 100(D1):1327-1350.
[31]	Gardner C S, Taylor M J. Observational limits for lidar, radar and airglow imager measurements of gravity wave parameters[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1998, 103(D6):6427-6437.

Observational study of quasi-monochromatic gravity waves characteristics in mesopause region with sodium fluorescence Doppler lidar

doi: 10.3788/IRLA201746.0506002

Abstract

References

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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