Volume 48 Issue 8
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Tang Kun, Li Dianyu, Shu Yong, Zhu Yongjian, Wang Yu, Zhang Mingjun, Mao Cong. Simulation and experiment of non-isothermal hot pressing of small-diameter aspherical chalcogenide glass lens[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2019, 48(8): 814006-0814006(12). doi: 10.3788/IRLA201948.0814006
Citation: Tang Kun, Li Dianyu, Shu Yong, Zhu Yongjian, Wang Yu, Zhang Mingjun, Mao Cong. Simulation and experiment of non-isothermal hot pressing of small-diameter aspherical chalcogenide glass lens[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2019, 48(8): 814006-0814006(12). doi: 10.3788/IRLA201948.0814006
shu

Simulation and experiment of non-isothermal hot pressing of small-diameter aspherical chalcogenide glass lens

doi: 10.3788/IRLA201948.0814006
  • 1.

    Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology for High-performance Mechanical Equipment,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,China;

  • 2.

    Key Laboratory of Lightweight and Reliability Technology for Engineering Vehicle,Education Department of Hunan Province,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,China;

  • 3.

    School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Zhejiang University of Science and Technology,Hangzhou 310023,China

  • Received Date: 2019-03-11
  • Rev Recd Date: 2019-04-21
  • Publish Date: 2019-08-25
  • Based on the finite element analysis of hot pressing process, a new non-isothermal molding method was proposed for improving hot pressing quality of small-diameter aspherical chalcogenide glass enses and avoiding pressing defects. A heating gap was set between the upper mold core and heating plate, and the upper and lower heating plate were heated by using different temperatures to realize non-isothermal heating of the glass preform. Firstly, based on the high temperature viscoelastic constitutive and heat transfer model of chalcogenide glass, the finite element model of glass lens on hot pressing process was established by using the relevant parameters. Then, according to above FEA model, the influence of non-isothermal temperature difference on the temperature, maximum residual stress distribution and contour offset was analyzed, and the optimal temperature difference was also determined. Finally, the experiments of non-isothermal hot pressing were carried out, and the results of simulation and experiment were also compared to verify the validity of the simulation model and results. Both simulation and experimental results show that the optimal non-isothermal temperature difference is 10℃. Under this condition, the internal temperature difference of the glass preform obtained by simulation is only 2.6℃, the maximum residual stress of the pressed lens can be reduced to 3.375 MPa, and the maximum contour offsets of the formed lenses ASP1 and ASP2 are 0.562 m and 0.615 m, respectively. The actual PV values of the pressed lenses ASP1 and ASP2 are 118.2 nm and 194.0 nm, Ra values are 17.0 nm and 37.8 nm, and maximum values of contour offset are 0.583 m and 0.644 m, respectively, which meet the accuracy requirements. The simulation results show good agreement with experimental results. By using the reasonable temperature difference, the new method of non-isothermal hot pressing can effectively reduce the internal temperature difference of the glass preform and maximum residual stress of the pressed lens, avoid the defects such as adhesion and bubbles, and improve the lens precision.
  • [1] Jiang Bo, Wu Yuehao, Dai Shixun, et al. Application of chalcogenide glasses in designing vehicle-mounted infrared imaging lens for civilian applications[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2015, 44(6):1740-1745. (in Chinese)
    [2] Ma K J, Chien H H. Contactless molding of arrayed chalcogenide glass lenses[J]. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 2011, 357:2484-2488.
    [3] Lee J H, Lee W H. Thermal properties of ternary Ge-Sb-Se chalcogenide glass for use in formed lens applications[J]. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 2016, 431:41-46.
    [4] Dai Shixun, Chen Huiguang, Li Maozhong, et al. Chalcogenide glasses and their infrared optical applications[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2012, 41(4):847-852. (in Chinese)
    [5] Zhou Tianfeng, Xie Jiaqing, Liu Yang, et al. Simulation and experimental study on the molding process for microgrooveson optical glass[J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 2016, 24(10):446-453. (in Chinese)
    [6] Cogburn G, Symmons A. Molding aspheric lenses for low-cost production versus diamond turned lenses[C]//Proceedings of SPIE, 2010, 7660:766020.
    [7] Zhou T F, Yan J W. Study on Nonisothermal glass molding press for aspherical lens[J]. Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design Systems and Manufacturing, 2010, 4(5):806-815.
    [8] Zhu K J, Yin S H. Finite element analysis on non-isothermal glass molding[J]. Advanced Materials Research, 2012, 497:240-244.
    [9] Zhang H B, Yu J X. Non-isothermal molding technology research of ultra-precision glass lens[C]//Proceedings of SPIE, 2014, 9295:929517.
    [10] Ananthasayanam B, Joseph P F. Final shape of precision molded optics:Part I-Computational approach, material definitions and the effect of lens shape[J]. Journal of Thermal Stresses, 2012, 35(6):550-578.
    [11] Yan J W, Zhou T F. Modeling high-temperature glass molding process by coupling heat transfer and viscous deformation analysis[J]. Precision Engineering, 2009, 33(2):150-159.
    [12] Gaylord S, Ananthasayanam B. Thermal and structural property characterization of commercially moldable glasses[J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2010, 93(8):2207-2214.
    [13] Arai M, Kato Y. Characterization of the thermo-viscoelastic property of glass and numerical simulation of the press molding of glass lens[J]. Journal of Thermal Stresses, 2009, 32(12):1235-1255.
    [14] Wang F, Chen Y. Numerical simulation assisted curve compensation in compression molding of high precision aspherical glass lenses[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Science Engineering, 2009, 131:1-6.
    [15] Cheng X M, Xu D Y. Numerical analysis of compound aspheric lens design and fabrication[C]//Proceedings of SPIE, 2006, 6027:60273Q.
    [16] Cha D H, Kim J H, Kim H J, et al. Experimental study of the fabrication of chalcogenide glass lenses by using precision glass molding[J]. Journal of the Korean Physical Society, 2014, 65(10):1675-1681.
    [17] Wang Xunsi, Chen Qiong, Fan Xinye, et al. Far infrared spectral studies of Ge-Sb-Se glasses[J]. Acta Photonica Sinica, 2008, 37(1):81-85. (in Chinese)
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Simulation and experiment of non-isothermal hot pressing of small-diameter aspherical chalcogenide glass lens

doi: 10.3788/IRLA201948.0814006
  • 1. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology for High-performance Mechanical Equipment,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,China;
  • 2. Key Laboratory of Lightweight and Reliability Technology for Engineering Vehicle,Education Department of Hunan Province,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,China;
  • 3. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Zhejiang University of Science and Technology,Hangzhou 310023,China
  • Received Date: 2019-03-11
  • Rev Recd Date: 2019-04-21
  • Publish Date: 2019-08-25

Abstract: Based on the finite element analysis of hot pressing process, a new non-isothermal molding method was proposed for improving hot pressing quality of small-diameter aspherical chalcogenide glass enses and avoiding pressing defects. A heating gap was set between the upper mold core and heating plate, and the upper and lower heating plate were heated by using different temperatures to realize non-isothermal heating of the glass preform. Firstly, based on the high temperature viscoelastic constitutive and heat transfer model of chalcogenide glass, the finite element model of glass lens on hot pressing process was established by using the relevant parameters. Then, according to above FEA model, the influence of non-isothermal temperature difference on the temperature, maximum residual stress distribution and contour offset was analyzed, and the optimal temperature difference was also determined. Finally, the experiments of non-isothermal hot pressing were carried out, and the results of simulation and experiment were also compared to verify the validity of the simulation model and results. Both simulation and experimental results show that the optimal non-isothermal temperature difference is 10℃. Under this condition, the internal temperature difference of the glass preform obtained by simulation is only 2.6℃, the maximum residual stress of the pressed lens can be reduced to 3.375 MPa, and the maximum contour offsets of the formed lenses ASP1 and ASP2 are 0.562 m and 0.615 m, respectively. The actual PV values of the pressed lenses ASP1 and ASP2 are 118.2 nm and 194.0 nm, Ra values are 17.0 nm and 37.8 nm, and maximum values of contour offset are 0.583 m and 0.644 m, respectively, which meet the accuracy requirements. The simulation results show good agreement with experimental results. By using the reasonable temperature difference, the new method of non-isothermal hot pressing can effectively reduce the internal temperature difference of the glass preform and maximum residual stress of the pressed lens, avoid the defects such as adhesion and bubbles, and improve the lens precision.

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