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设红外制导空舰导弹发射点位于坐标原点,水面舰艇目标位于X轴正方向上距原点300 km;红外制导空舰导弹航路从发射点起、经若干航路点到达目标点,
$ {s_{{\text{start}}}} $ 、$ {s_{{\text{cent}}}} $ 和$ {s_{{\text{end}}}} $ 均为50 km;$ {\theta _{\max }} $ 取40°。(1)航路点数量对最大攻击角的影响
当航路点数量从一个逐渐增加到六个时,最大攻击角的仿真结果如表1所示。
Waypoints number 1 2 3 4 5 6 The maximum angle of attack/(°) 33.85 64.26 95.44 131.8 175.44 224.26 Range/km 309.97 341.77 400.88 489.38 594.85 685.74 Table 1. Simulation results of the maximum attack angle when waypoints changed (turning angle is 140°)
由表1可知,随着航路点数量的增加,最大攻击角也快速增加。当前条件下,设置五个航路点,最大攻击角可达175.44°。考虑到红外制导空舰导弹可从目标左舷、右舷同时攻击,那么攻击方向可有效覆盖目标350.88°的范围,极大地提高了红外制导空舰导弹的多方向协同攻击能力。
但同时也应注意到,红外制导空舰导弹的航程也在迅速增加。虽然与目标的距离为300 km,但在五个航路点最大攻击角时,红外制导空舰导弹的飞行航程已经达到594.85 km,几乎是前者的两倍。因此,红外制导空舰导弹是以牺牲航程来换取攻击角的增加。若红外制导空舰导弹航程为500 km,则其最大攻击角只稍大于131.80°。
如果红外制导空舰导弹最多可设置三个航路点,则其最大攻击角为95.44°,对应的飞行航路如图5所示。
(2)航路点转弯角对最大攻击角的影响
如果航路点转弯角能够更小,设为130°,可得仿真结果如表2所示。
由表2可知,在相同航路点数量的条件下,相比于表1,最大攻击角均更大,即若能减少航路点转弯角,则能增加最大攻击角。由表2可知,四个航路点就可以实现对目标的全方位攻击,但要求红外制导空舰导弹的航程不得小于551.24 km。
若只设置三个航路点,可仿真得不同航路点转弯角对应的最大攻击角及所需航程,如图6所示。
Waypoints number 1 2 3 4 5 6 The maximum angle of attack/(°) 42.66 83.03 127.97 181.45 240.7 299.02 Range/km 315.41 363.49 447.93 551.24 6230 658.89 Table 2. Simulation results of the maximum attack angle when waypoints changed (turning angle is 130°)
由图6(a)可知,随着航路点转弯角的减小,最大攻击角迅速增大,甚至超过180°;但为达成最大攻击角所需航程急剧增加,如图6(b)所示。因此,可通过提高红外制导空舰导弹的转弯机动能力,减小航路点最小转弯角,从而增大最大攻击角,但同时对导弹的航程有更高要求。当前条件下,航路点最小转弯角若可减少至115°,则最大攻击角可达181.37°,所需航程为500.86 km;若从目标左右两舷实施攻击,即可实现对目标全方位的攻击。
Analytical calculation method of the maximum attack angle of an infrared guided air-to-ship missile
doi: 10.3788/IRLA20210558
- Received Date: 2021-08-12
- Rev Recd Date: 2021-10-11
- Publish Date: 2022-08-05
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Key words:
- maximum angle of attack /
- path planning /
- infrared guided air-to-ship missile /
- flying range /
- waypoint
Abstract: Aiming at the angle of attack, which is an important influencing factor of infrared guided air-to-ship missile path planning, constraint models of the attack angle were built, including the number of waypoints, distance between two adjacent waypoints, turning angle and pathway distance. An analytical calculation method of the maximum attack angle was proposed. Applying the principle of geometry, the maximum angle of attack calculation model was built, which could be used to solve the pathway with one waypoint, two waypoints and multiple points. Finally, the maximum attack angle under different conditions was simulated when the waypoint number, turning angle and missile range were changed separately. The results show that the maximum angle of attack would increase rapidly as the missile path waypoint increased; it would also increase as the turning angle decreased if the waypoint number was constant. However, the attack angle increased at the expense of the infrared guided air-to-ship missile range.